Culture of Islamic Architecture and Urbanism

fa مفهوم‌سازی و حقیقت‌یابی رسالت «سبک‌زندگی‌اسلامی» در تبیین معیارهای بُنیادین «مسکن ایرانی‌اسلامی» در «عصر جهانی‌شدن» Conceptualizing and Truth-Seeking the Mission of the “Islamic Lifestyle” in Explaining the Fundamental Criteria of “Iranian-Islamic Housing” in the Age of Globalization فرهنگ و سبك زندگي Culture & lifestyle پژوهشي Original Article <div style="text-align: justify;">«جهانی‌شدن»، نه به مفهوم جغرافیایی بلکه به مفهوم سیاسی و ایدئولوژیک طرحی است که توسط کشورهای ثروتمند و قدرتمند دنیا، تدوین‌شده و منظور از آن، ادامۀ سلطۀ اقتصادی، سیاسی و نظامی بر دیگر کشورهای عالم است. یکی از اشکال نفوذ سلطه در عصر حاضر، از طریق تهاجم فرهنگی است که به‌واسطۀ آن، برای تضعیف بنیان‌های فرهنگی و اعتقادی مردم مسلمان به‌ویژه کمرنگ کردن سبک زندگی اسلامی تلاش می‌کند. در حوزۀ معماری و مسکن نیز، امروزه نسبت به گذشته، فرم‌ها و فضاهای زیستی، با گرایش به هم‌شکلی با الگوهای وارداتی و بیگانه با هویت خویش، جامعه را نیز به ازخودبیگانگی دچار کرده‌اند و کاملاً دگرگون‌شده‌اند. به تعبیر مقام معظم رهبری: «یکی از ابعاد پیشرفت با «مفهوم اسلامی»، سبک زندگی کردن، رفتار اجتماعی و شیوۀ زیستن است»؛ ازاین‌رو، مفهوم‌سازی رسالت «سبک زندگی اسلامی» به‌عنوان ظرف و مقوم شکل‌دهنده به «مسکن ایرانی اسلامی» باید موردتوجه قرار گیرد. پژوهش حاضر از نوع کیفی و در قالب دو بخش ارائه شد: در بخش اول، اطلاعات لازم در حوزۀ ارتباط «جهانی‌شدن» و «سبک زندگی اسلامی» و در مرحلۀ بعد، بررسی ارتباط «سبک زندگی» با «مسکن» در ادوار تاریخی مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت. در بخش دوم، با بهره‌گیری از روش توصیفی- تحلیلی واژگان کلیدی پژوهش، موردتحقیق و کندوکاو قرارگرفتند و با استفاده از مؤلفه‌ها و آثاری که دراین‌ارتباط هست، به تبیین «اصول و معیارهای بنیادین مسکن ایرانی اسلامی» پرداخته شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد «روح اسلامی» جاری در فضای سکونت ایرانی مسلمان، در تجلی حقیقت مفهوم «حیات طیبه» به‌عنوان عالی‌ترین درجۀ سبک زندگی اسلامی، در «حیاط خانه ایرانی»، به‌عنوان قلب تپندۀ آن معنی می‌شود.</div> <div style="text-align: justify;">“Globalization” not in the geographical sense but in the political and ideological sense, is a plan formulated by the rich and powerful countries of the world, and it means the continuation of economic, political and military dominance over other countries in the world. One form of domination in the present age is by way of cultural aggression, through which it seeks to undermine the cultural and religious foundations of the Muslim people, and especially the Islamic way of life. In the field of architecture and housing, today, compared to the past, forms and living spaces, with a tendency to be similar to imported patterns and alien to their foreign identities, have also alienated the society and completely changed it. In the words of the Supreme Leader: "One of the dimensions of progress with the 'Islamic concept' is lifestyle, social behavior and way of life". Therefore, the conceptualization of the mission of "Islamic lifestyle" as a container and component shaping "Iranian-Islamic housing" should be considered. In today's social life, the concept of "lifestyle" has a special meaning. As the influence of tradition is reduced, and daily life is reconstructed in terms of the interaction of local and global factors more and more people are forced to choose their lifestyle from a variety of options. "Islamic lifestyle" is a way of life that is based on Islamic and Quranic teachings and values. The Qur'an, which is the plan of human life, has shown the best way of life to man, which ultimately leads him to the happiness of this world and the hereafter. "Islamicness of etiquette" and "monotheism of being a way of life" mean that "lifestyle" is the bedrock of "divine worship" in human life. In Islamic lifestyle, "faith" and "righteous deeds" have a special place and in various verses of the Qur'an and narrations from the Infallibles (AS) as a way to achieve "good life" is introduced as the highest position of this type of lifestyle. In the present study, the purpose of using the word "Islamic" is anything that belongs to and is committed to the principles, ideals, values and norms of Islam and in a broader sense, invented or expressed by Muslims, and the meaning of the word "Iranian-Islamic" is anyone who is in the common denominator of being Iranian and being Islamic and does not have principles and identities that do not oppose either of these two can be called "Iranian-Islamic". In other words, anything that is based on the beliefs, ideals, values and norms of the Islamic Republic of Iran or the discourse of the Islamic Revolution is called "Islamic Iran". The present study is of qualitative type and in two parts: the first part, the necessary information in the field of relationship between "globalization" and "Islamic lifestyle" is presented and in the next stage, the relationship between "lifestyle" and "housing" in historical periods is analyzed. In the second part, using the descriptive-analytical method, the key words of the research have been researched and explored, and using the components and effects that are related in this regard, the "basic principles and criteria of Iranian-Islamic housing" were explained. The results show that the current "Islamic spirit" in the Iranian Muslim living space can be seen in the manifestation of the truth, the concept of "good life" as the highest degree of Islamic lifestyle, in the "Iranian courtyard" as its beating heart.</div> عصر جهانی‌شدن, سبک‌زندگی‌اسلامی, حیات طیبه, مسکن ایرانی‌اسلامی. Globalization, Islamic Lifestyle, Pure Life, Iranian Islamic Housing 145 166 http://ciauj-tabriziau.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-281-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Erfan Khasm Afkan Nezam عرفان خصم افکن نظام erfannezam@yahoo.com 10031947532846003107 10031947532846003107 Yes Architecture Department, Art and Architecture Faculty, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran دانشکده هنر و معماری،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران جنوب، تهران، ایران Vida Taghvaei ویدا تقوایی taghvaei@shariaty.ac.ir 10031947532846003108 10031947532846003108 No Department of Architecture, Faculty of Shariaty, Technical and Vocational University (TVU), Tehran, Iran گروه معماری، دانشکده دکتر شریعتی، دانشگاه فنی وحرفه ای، تهران، ایران